Texas Tech Nutrition Exit Practice Test

These questions are part of the practice quiz. Start practicing

• Which of the following would be considered a convenience sample?
• Which flavonoids are associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes?
• Which conditions are most commonly associated with low plasma vitamin C concentrations due to prooxidant effects?
• The Nuremberg Code and the Declaration of Helsinki primarily address which aspect of research ethics?
• Canned fish such as sardines is a well absorbed dietary source of calcium.
• Correcting suboptimal levels of vitamins and minerals includes which strategies?
• Which study design is considered the most powerful for evaluating medical treatments and establishing causality?
• Which organ is the primary site for lactose absorption?
• Which amino acids accumulate in maple syrup urine disease?
• Which of the following is not an end product of cellular oxidation?
• Beta-carotene is an example of which class of compounds?
• Which is NOT a type of antioxidant?
• The TCA cycle occurs in the?
• Why is aspartame restricted in PKU patients?
• Keto diet or Atkins diets: which statement would best fit your assessment of these two diets?
• Overall it appears that vitamin C is strongly associated with cardiovascular disease.
• Supplementing all women who might become pregnant with folate at 800 mcg is the best way of preventing neural tube defects.
• In acute disease/injury-related malnutrition, which change in visceral protein levels is typically observed?
• Which of the following is involved in protein digestion?
• Vitamin A refers to a family of fat-soluble compounds called carotenoids which have Vitamin A activity.
• Vitamin A supplementation may trigger harmful effects in which patients?
• Maltose is hydrolyzed to glucose by maltase released from which organ?
• Which field seeks to describe the distribution of disease and explain associations between causative factors and disease?
• A poorly worded questionnaire is most likely to produce which measurement issue?
• Albumin function in the bloodstream is to:
• Trace elements have a role as antioxidants.
• Among flavonoid-rich dietary sources, which pair was linked to decreased ischemic heart disease mortality?
• Noncoverage errors occur when
• Which enzymes are secreted by the pancreas to aid digestion?
• Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for Vitamin K deficiency?
• Which of the following are branched-chain amino acids?
• Which mineral's utilization is especially sensitive to an excess of zinc?
• Which type of research aims to test a hypothesis or verify cause-and-effect relationships?
• A standard deviation is a measure of variation.
• The dietary sources rich in flavonoids that showed the strongest association with cerebrovascular disease include all of the following except
• Which lipoprotein carries dietary triglycerides from the intestine to tissues in the bloodstream?
• Gluconeogenesis would be favored under which metabolic condition?
• The oxidation of fatty acids forms which products?
• Which nutrient is listed as a dietary antioxidant?
• Glycolysis is the
• Flavonoids are products of free radical metabolism.
• Cholecystitis signs and symptoms often occur after which type of meal?
• In a cross-over trial, a washout period is observed during which phase?
• A small p-value generally indicates that the observed result is which?
• Acute zinc deficiency poisoning has been reported after ingestion of how many grams of zinc?
• Fats high in polyunsaturated fatty acids include which foods?
• Which of the following contains cholesterol?
• The most common prooxidant conditions with low plasma vitamin C concentrations are smoking and diabetes.
• A food item provides 45 grams of carbs, 10 grams of protein and 10 grams of fat. What percent of total calories comes from fat?
• End products of cellular oxidation include water and carbon dioxide plus what?
• The ethical issue described as who receives the Nobel Prize and is the first author on a paper is an example of which ethical concern?
• Which factors influence polyphenol content in foods?
• What are the basic units produced when carbohydrate, fat, and protein are metabolized?
• Calcium supplements are commonly associated with chronic diarrhea and dyspepsia.
• Dietary chromium sources include which of the following?
• Where is bile produced?
• The ethical guidelines cited for protecting research participants are
• A 3-day food record is used to decrease which type of bias in a study?
• Which lifestyle change is most consistently associated with increased HDL cholesterol?
• Which statement about chromium is supported by studies?
• Observational studies have reported a link between low calcium intake and which conditions?
• A convenience sample is defined as
• Which amino acid is especially glucogenic?
• A full-scale randomized clinical trial involving thousands of patients is typically referred to as which phase?
• Which lipoprotein is used to transport dietary fat into the blood and then to the tissues?
• The primary storage form of fat in the body is which substance?
• Primary nutrition concerns of a patient with sickle cell anemia are:
• Starch digestion starts in the which location?
• Which statement about flavonoids is correct?
• Which statement describes the relationship between MTHFR, low B12, MTRR polymorphisms, and neural tube defects?
• A case study is an example of which type of research?
• Which statement about micronutrients is true?
• If an essential nutrient is not supplied in the diet for a long enough period, a deficiency state will develop.
• Which food item showed a significant association with thrombotic stroke in the study?
• A small number of subjects increases the risk of which error?
• Carbohydrate, fat and protein are converted into which basic units?
• An analytical study may be described as
• In sampling design, a convenience sample is most vulnerable to which issue?
• Water soluble nutrients comprise the most aspect of the antioxidant defense system.
• An amylase deficiency would result in decreased what metabolic process?
• Which statement about oxidative stress outcomes is true?
• Noncoverage errors are most likely to be associated with which sampling approach?
• Maltose is hydrolyzed by maltase, which is released from the ..........., yielding free glucose
• Copper deficiency, like diabetes, is characterized by increases in all of the following except:
• Substituting linolenic acid for saturated fats in the diet has what effect on HDL cholesterol?
• Carotenoids are a family of fat-soluble compounds and have Vitamin A activity.
• Vitamin C deficiency is marked by which sign?
• Which statement best describes the overall function of antioxidants in the body?
• Which statement best describes the antioxidant mechanism of flavonoids?
• Evidence mainly from animal studies suggests a link between low calcium status and autoimmune diseases such as which pair?
• Which data collection method has the greatest recall bias risk according to the material?
• Zinc participates in the synthesis and degradation of nucleic acids.
• Vitamin A toxicity is associated with craniofacial abnormalities in fetuses. Which option correctly identifies this fetal effect among the following?
• What is the primary nitrogen-containing waste product excreted in urine?
• Vitamin A toxicity can affect which organ most prominently?
• Which statement best describes the mechanism of edema associated with hypoalbuminemia?
• Which enzyme is not primarily involved in protein digestion?
• In chronic kidney disease, the recommended total elemental calcium intake should be within 800-2000 mg/day.
• What is the product of pyruvate breakdown?
• Which foods should not be restricted in PKU patients?
• Zinc deficiency is related to collagen synthesis.
• Patients with poor intake over a long period are particularly at risk for Vitamin K deficiency when taking which of the following?
• Which study reported a 25% reduction in breast cancer risk with multivitamin use?
• Some researchers noted that polymorphisms in MTHFR and MTRR are associated with a higher risk of which condition?
• Green and black teas are able to protect against nitric oxide toxicity.
• In a normal aging population, homocysteine concentrations but not B12 levels were associated with declines in cognitive performance.
• Most stored body fat is in the form of which compound?
• Gastric proteolysis requires what?
• Phase 3 randomized trials are designed to assess which aspects in a larger population?
• Which mineral is NOT mentioned in the material as having a role in insulin action or cardiovascular health?
• Which pair best describes two major roles of micronutrients?
• Phenylalanine is a precursor for which amino acid?
• The safe intake (AI) for dietary copper for adults falls in which range?
• Why does fat produce more calories per gram than carbohydrate?
• The end products of cellular oxidation are which of the following?
• Which product do you obtain from pyruvate oxidation that enters the citric acid cycle?
• Calcium intake recommendations vary by age and gender.
• A recent review suggested that doses well above the current RDI are necessary to maximally reduce the risk of neural tube defects.
• In a normal distribution, 95% of the values fall within how many standard deviations of the mean?
• What folate dose is described as the best way of preventing birth defects?
• Which statement about polyunsaturated fats is supported by the material?
• In cystic fibrosis, what is the reason these patients are prone to malabsorption?
• Preventative antioxidants suppress chain initiation.
• Flavonoids are a type of plant phenol.
• Glycogen is primarily stored in which tissues?
• Zinc participates in the synthesis and degradation of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
• An odds ratio of 0.01 would indicate which of the following about risk?
• Vitamin C promotes all of the following except which one?
• Which parameters do dietitians assess to determine the severity of malnutrition?
• Which statement about micronutrient roles is true?
• A study design in which data are collected from subjects at multiple points in time is called.
• The heart and heart vessels are particularly vulnerable to copper deficiency.
• Which statement about monounsaturated fats is supported by the material?
• Which statement about water-soluble nutrients in the antioxidant defense system is true?
• A severe deficiency of vitamin C disrupts collagen synthesis.
• Which statement regarding noncoverage errors is accurate?
• Which statement about Vitamin K deficiency risk is true according to the material?
• In a cross-over trial, a washout period serves what purpose?
• Glycogenolysis primarily serves to raise blood glucose during which condition?
• The RDA for calcium in mg/day for females aged 19-50 years is:
• Which of the following describes common claims associated with misinformation of fad diets?
• Which lipoprotein lays a key role in reverse cholesterol transport?
• Lactase is produced in which part of the digestive system?
• In adults with chronic kidney disease, what is the recommended total elemental calcium intake per day to prevent calcium deficiency and calcium loading?
• Which class includes starch and sugars?
• Which item is NOT listed as a category of phytochemicals?
• Approximately how many international units (IU) correspond to the toxicity threshold for Vitamin A?
• A patient with chronic illness and edema but low albumin and low appetite: what is the most likely mechanism?
• What is the proper nutrition intervention for a patient with galactosemia?
• Which lipoprotein is primarily involved in reverse cholesterol transport?
• According to the 2011 Institute of Medicine report, the daily calcium intake range falls between which values depending on age and gender?
• Which describes the roles of micronutrients?
• Which list correctly identifies essential amino acids?
• Trypsin and chymotrypsin are?
• To minimize homocysteine levels, recommending a single vitamin supplement for most adults may be prudent.
• Flavonoids have a type of plant phenol with multiple biological activities. They commonly include which of the following?
• Signs of chromium deficiency are characterized by abnormalities of which of the following?
• Which statement best defines a Type I error?
• A deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate affects the body's ability to do what?
• Increasing the sample size primarily reduces the risk of which error?
• A mutation in the MTHFR gene or low B12 levels in combination with a polymorphism in methionine synthase reductase increases the risk of neural tube defects.
• The recommended daily allowance (RDA) for chromium for healthy adult men and women is in which range?
• Which of the following statements about HDL is true?
• Statistical significance is most commonly expressed as which of the following?
• Examples of flavonoids include which group?
• Ketones are most associated with which conditions?
• The acceptable macronutrient distribution ranges for a typical diet are:
• Which combination of pancreatic enzymes is responsible for digesting fats, carbohydrates, and proteins?
• PKU is caused by deficiency of which enzyme?
• Higher homocysteine concentrations are associated with cognitive decline in aging, independent of B12 status.
• An antioxidant is defined as a substance that, when present at _____ concentrations relative to an oxidizable substrate, significantly _____ or prevents oxidation.
• In the alanine cycle, alanine released from muscle is taken up by the liver and?
• A meta-analysis is best described as which of the following?
• What is the mode?
• In acute disease/injury-related malnutrition, which statement is true?
• A study design in which two factors each tested at two levels are studied together, creating four treatment groups, is known as what design?
• If subjects in the treatment group drop out due to side effects, which bias might be introduced into the study?
• Binary data have two categories. True or False?
• The chromium RDA for adult men and women is within which range?
• Noncoverage errors in sampling arise when
• Which lipoprotein transports endogenous lipids to the tissue?
• A common digestive problem after gall bladder surgery can be temporary or chronic. What is the clinical finding?
• Cholesterol is the precursor to which of the following?
• Which property of polyphenols supports their potential to reduce key diseases?
• Which hormone increases glucose uptake and glycogen synthesis in muscle?
• PKU is primarily caused by deficiency of which enzyme?
• In the alanine cycle, which organ converts alanine to glucose?
• A convenience sample is best described as
• Is a polysaccharide stored in human bodies?
• Among Nurses’ Health Study participants, multivitamin users had a reduction in breast cancer risk by what percent?
• Fats high in monounsaturated fatty acids include which of the following?
• After digestion hydrophobic lipids are packaged into which particles to be transported in the bloodstream?
• Which term refers to the distribution of credit and authorship in a publication?
• Flavonoids have a wide range of biological activities including antioxidants and lower incidence of CA and CV risk.
• Which group is a flavonoid subclass?
• Metformin might decrease levels of which nutrient?
• Calcium deficiency and rickets are characteristic of which type of diet?
• Which unit is used for the Vitamin A RDA?
• In individuals with sickle cell disease, which statement best describes resting energy expenditure?
• Which parameter reflects recent changes in intake and body reserves when assessing malnutrition?
• The current Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for Vitamin A is how many IU?
• Which statement best describes the antioxidant property of polyphenols?
• A randomized clinical trial is also known as what type of study?
• Canned fish such as sardines is a well absorbed dietary calcium source.
• Where is bile stored?
• Gluconeogenesis is inhibited by which condition?
• The biggest issue in maple syrup urine disease is:
• Which lipoprotein transports cholesterol from the tissue back to the liver for excretion via bile?
• Which type of food intake data collection would have the most risk for recall bias?
• Calcium supplements have few side effects; chronic diarrhea and dyspepsia are common. Which statement is true?
• Green tea may protect against cancer.
• Oxidative stress is the imbalance between the production of reactive species and the organism's ability to cope, leading to adverse effects like cancer, cardiovascular disease, cataracts, and aging.
• The data pattern 2 maps to 100, 4 maps to 200, 6 maps to 300 demonstrates which value for the correlation coefficient r?
• Decreased plasma homocysteine levels have been recognized as an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease.
• Qualitative research often uses which data collection methods?
• Oxidants come from which sources?
• An infant with glycogen storage disease will most often present with which finding?
• Which amino acid is a precursor for tyrosine?
• If two phenylketonuria gene carriers have children, what is the probability that the child will be affected?
• Which research approach is associated with collecting non-numeric data through discussions or conversations?
• The discovery of micronutrients generally occurred as a result of deficiency; which example illustrates this?
• Severe deficiency of which nutrient leads to disruption of collagen synthesis?
• Vitamin A toxicity may begin at what multiple of the daily allowance?
• An amino acid that cannot be produced by the body is
• Which description best fits a longitudinal study design?
• In a double-blind or masked study, who remains unaware of treatment allocation?
• Which statement best describes a perfect positive linear relationship between two variables?
• Which statement about noncoverage errors is correct?
• Which enzyme initiates starch digestion in the mouth?
• Where is lactose absorbed?
• Which lipoprotein is used to transport TG and cholesterol from the liver to the tissues?
• What is the main reason for low calcium status worldwide?
• When linolenic acid is substituted for saturated fatty acids in the diet, the results will be?
• Which of the following is NOT a flavonoid subclass?
• Starch is made up of which components?
• Risk factors for gallstones include which of the following?
• An analytical study is described as which of the following?
• Flavonoids exert antioxidant effects by which mechanism?
• In a normal distribution, approximately what percentage of values lie within two standard deviations of the mean?
• The safe and adequate intake (SAI) for dietary copper for adults is in which range?